搜尋網路,每分鐘種一棵樹

谷歌、雅虎和其他搜尋引擎從廣告商那裡賺取大量資金,這些廣告商付費在您搜尋某個詞條時彈出廣告。一些更具社會意識的搜尋引擎,如Goodsearch和Everyclick,在您搜尋或購物時會捐贈幾美分給慈善機構。

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本文發表於《大眾科學》的前部落格網路,反映了作者的觀點,不一定反映《大眾科學》的觀點。


谷歌、雅虎和其他搜尋引擎從廣告商那裡賺取大量資金,這些廣告商付費在您搜尋某個詞條時彈出廣告。一些更具社會意識的搜尋引擎,如GoodsearchEveryclick,在您搜尋或購物時會捐贈幾美分給慈善機構。但是,一個於2009年啟動的網站Ecosia,將其廣告收入的驚人80%捐贈給一個在巴西雨林種植樹木的專案,以應對當地迅速的森林砍伐。Ecosia已經變得足夠受歡迎,最近 достигла 令人印象深刻的基準:它現在每分鐘重新種植一棵樹。

每天大約有20萬人使用Ecosia,每24小時進行約50萬次搜尋。“由於種植每棵新樹大約花費1美元,Ecosia的使用者現在搜尋和購物的頻率足以資助每60秒種植一棵新樹,”位於德國的Ecosia.org創始人克里斯蒂安·克羅爾說。

Ecosia將其資金髮送給大自然保護協會運營的“種植十億棵樹”計劃。該計劃的目標是在2015年前透過種植十億棵本地樹木來恢復巴西大西洋森林;在Ecosia的捐款下,超過116,000棵幼苗已被種植到地下。克羅爾說,如果成功,“該計劃每年有可能從大氣中清除400萬噸二氧化碳,這非常了不起。”


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克羅爾將其公司定義為一家社會企業,因此它還抵消了發電廠產生的二氧化碳排放,這些發電廠發電以執行其Web伺服器。它透過支援Myclimate.org的一個專案來實現這一點,該專案資助在馬達加斯加銷售太陽能炊具。這些炊具取代了舊的、常用的木柴和燃氣炊具,減少了排放,並具有諷刺意味地減少了當地因燃料木材而造成的森林砍伐。

以每分鐘一棵樹的速度,Ecosia的捐款每週累計約10,000棵樹。克羅爾的目標是保持足夠快的增長速度,以便在明年重新種植100萬棵樹。透過Ecosia進行的搜尋主要由雅虎提供支援,加上其自身的演算法以及來自維基百科和必應的技術。廣告由雅虎投放,雅虎與Ecosia分享一部分收入。為了方便起見,Ecosia還提供谷歌搜尋,但根據克羅爾的說法,它們不會產生任何收入,因為谷歌不允許使用其應用程式賺取的資金轉移給第三方。

克羅爾說:“如果Ecosia擁有像谷歌一樣多的使用者,當然,將會更快地種植更多的樹木。我們可能有機會一勞永逸地結束森林砍伐。”

圖片由Ecosia提供

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大眾科學 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大眾科學 Mind and 大眾科學 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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