基因會影響我們的行為嗎? [影片]

研究敏銳的嗅覺可能會提供一些答案

科麗·巴格曼。

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本文發表在《大眾科學》的前部落格網路中,反映了作者的觀點,不一定代表《大眾科學》的觀點


我們餓的時候會做什麼?當人們聚集在我們周圍時,我們會有什麼反應?當我們想獨處時,我們會去哪裡?人類有如此多的複雜行為,但研究人員認為,其中許多行為直接來源於動物的行為和反應方式。透過研究基因如何指導生物功能,以及這些功能如何導致行動,可以揭示這是否屬實。

洛克菲勒大學的神經生物學家科麗·巴格曼正在這條道路上努力探索。她試圖透過研究基因如何影響大腦,以及這如何影響動物的行為來確定動物行為的根源,從蠕蟲到人類。在眾多實驗中,她正在研究線蟲C. elegans,這是一種神經科學家中很受歡迎的物種。它的基因組中約有 20,000 個基因,而人類則有約 25,000 個基因,但據巴格曼稱,它的腦中只有 302 個神經元,而我們的腦中則有 860 億個。這意味著研究人員可以測試特定神經元和特定行為之間的聯絡。巴格曼專注於嗅覺,以及動物發出和聞到的稱為資訊素的化學物質如何影響交配行為和動物在群體中的行為。


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巴格曼在一段引人入勝的影片“行為的根源”中,用簡單明瞭的語言解釋了她令人著迷的工作,該影片由紐約大學神經科學家約瑟夫·勒杜創作,他是情緒大腦方面的專家。這段影片是他在與導演亞歷克西斯·甘比斯一起製作的名為“我的心靈之眼”系列中的第五部。(第一集介紹了內德·布洛克關於身心問題,第二部影片是關於邁克爾·加扎尼加的自由意志,第三部是關於諾貝爾獎獲得者埃裡克·坎德爾關於大腦中的神經元如何學習和創造記憶,以及第四部是關於利茲·菲爾普斯關於為什麼我們的記憶會隨著時間而改變。)勒杜和甘比斯讓《大眾科學》有機會在我們的網站上首先發布這些影片。

為了增加趣味性,巴格曼的採訪還附帶了勒杜和他的樂隊杏仁核樂隊錄製的一首相關歌曲“根源”的片段。請欣賞。

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大眾科學 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大眾科學 Mind and 大眾科學 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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