特斯拉跑車是一枚火箭。而且還是全電動的

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“你準備好了嗎?”坐在我旁邊的年輕司機問道,當時我們坐在雙座特斯拉跑車敞篷車裡,面對著一條筆直陡峭的四分之一英里長的道路,這條路從舊金山灣的水面一直延伸到金門大橋的岬角。然後他猛踩油門。我被壓在了身後的座椅靠背上——我指的是被壓,就像我被綁在一些瘋狂的遊樂園遊樂設施上一樣——持續了好幾秒鐘,汽車像火箭一樣加速攀升。只是我們身後沒有噴射出尖叫的火焰。也沒有引擎的轟鳴聲。我正以如此快的速度被髮射到這條路上,以至於我的緊急感官完全處於警覺狀態,但一切都出奇地安靜。

特斯拉汽車公司的跑車是一款全電動汽車。這意味著零排放。沒有發動機,沒有油箱,只有一排深鋰離子電池和一個單速直驅電機,可立即達到最大扭矩(這就是電力推進的魅力所在)。這款車速度極快;運動版從零加速到每小時 60 英里僅需 3.7 秒。不熟悉汽車規格?雪佛蘭 Corvette,配備怪物般的 6.2 升八缸 430 馬力發動機,需要 4.6 秒。特斯拉的加速比保時捷 911 還快。比法拉利 Spider 還快。典型的轎車需要 6.0 秒或更長時間才能達到相同的速度。

然而,特斯拉並非只有一項絕技。它在充滿電的情況下續航里程為 244 英里,這已在真實駕駛測試中得到證明。它符合所有標準安全要求,外觀和操控性都像任何其他異國情調的跑車,尤其是蓮花:它是一款低矮的雙門硬頂敞篷車,配備緊湊的駕駛艙座椅,幾乎沒有其他空間。標價為 128,500 美元,這聽起來很多,但當你開始查詢異國情調的跑車時,你會發現它們甚至更貴。如果你想省下一些錢在碼頭上吃壽司午餐,你可以購買普通版特斯拉跑車,價格為 101,500 美元,但你必須等待整整 3.9 秒才能達到每小時 60 英里。

當然,很少有人能買得起這款車,但靜謐無聲的特斯拉發出了響亮的宣言:全電動汽車可以與汽油耗油車競爭。如果他們能做到這一點,他們當然可以將它們變成主流汽車。跑車不僅僅是一種技術證明;它向世界證明了全電動汽車是真實存在的。該公司已開始提供一款售價 49,900 美元的四門轎車,將於 2011 年交付。

銷售經理丹·邁根在加利福尼亞州索薩利托的GoingGreen 會議外給我試駕。一整天,他都帶著乘客在卡瓦洛角酒店門前的半英里環形路上兜風,然後駛上通往大橋的陡峭道路。每個返回的人都面帶燦爛的笑容從車裡爬出來。不可能不咧嘴笑。這款車外觀火辣,駕駛起來也很火辣。它是一臺微笑機器。特斯拉能否在商業上取得成功仍有待觀察,但其他初創公司也在製造自己的全電動車型,主要的汽車公司也紛紛加入。批次生產是否會像通常聲稱的那樣降低成本,這也有待觀察,但我現在可以肯定地說,如果有人懷疑全電動汽車是否可以競爭:它們可以。

致謝:特斯拉汽車公司提供

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大眾科學 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大眾科學 Mind and 大眾科學 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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