2012年美國天氣記錄被打破超過3500次

互動式地圖顯示極端氣溫、降雨、降雪、洪水、野火和乾旱

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過去兩週的新聞報道指出,2012年是美國有記錄以來最溫暖的年份。今天我們瞭解到,根據自然資源保護委員會 (NRDC) 的資料,2012年打破了3527項月度天氣記錄。這個數字超過了2011年創下的3251項記錄,之前的最高紀錄。NRDC剛剛釋出了一個互動式地圖,該地圖配備了一個滑塊,可以從一月移動到十二月,以顯示在任何給定日期發生創紀錄的溫度、降雨、降雪、洪水、乾旱和野火的地點。

地圖網站上的表格還列出了具體的日期、地點和天氣記錄。Kim Knowlton,NRDC的資深科學家,在一份準備好的宣告中指出,極端天氣的發生率上升“已經喚醒了全國各地的社群,使其意識到準備和保護的必要性。”

田納西州和威斯康星州在記錄到新高溫記錄的報告站比例最高的州中領先,分別為 36% 和 31%。2012年3月是有記錄以來美國本土最熱的3月,7月是有記錄以來最熱的單月。去年夏天還在美國中部地區造成了50年來最嚴重的乾旱;29個州的1300個縣宣佈為乾旱災區。全國範圍內的野火燃燒面積超過 370 萬公頃;平均火災面積為 65 公頃,遠遠超過 2001-2010 年的平均水平 35 公頃。


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NRDC表示,極端天氣記錄的上升應促使州和國家層面努力遏制二氧化碳排放(氣候變化的驅動因素)並提高能源效率,並應促使州和地方政府制定全面的應急管理計劃。

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大眾科學 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大眾科學 Mind and 大眾科學 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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