猩猩的困境

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圖片來源:PERRY VAN DUYNHOVEN

根據一項新的研究,如果目前的伐木和偷獵行為繼續下去,亞洲行蹤隱秘的猿類——猩猩——可能在未來10年內滅絕。杜克大學的卡雷爾·範·沙伊克和他的同事在最新一期的《羚羊》雜誌上報告稱,他們記錄了最大的猩猩種群(棲息在蘇門答臘島北部勒user生態系統)數量的急劇下降。事實上,這個種群在1993年數量為12,000只,但在七年內銳減至大約一半的規模。

儘管勒user生態系統包括一個大型保護區,但非法伐木現象十分猖獗。許多被砍伐的樹木包括猩猩賴以生存和遷徙的果樹和樹冠樹。因此,在那些被伐木破壞的地區,猩猩種群密度驟降了高達90%。


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作者報告稱,可悲的是,在婆羅洲(害羞的猿類被發現的唯一另一個島嶼)的情況也好不到哪裡去。1997年和1998年席捲該島的森林大火奪走了高達三分之一猩猩的生命。從那時起,倖存的生物也遭受了與其蘇門答臘同類相同的棲息地破壞。

範·沙伊克說:“對野生猩猩的研究為我們提供了一個獨特的視窗,讓我們瞭解那些有利於人類文化起源的條件。失去野生猩猩將永遠關閉這扇窗戶。如果我們現在採取行動,我們仍然可以拯救種群免於滅絕,但我們不能浪費任何時間。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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