科學家成功克隆瀕危哺乳動物

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儘管利用克隆技術保護瀕危物種的想法在保護生物學家中仍然存在爭議,但自從1997年克隆出多利羊以來,這一想法就受到了認真考慮。但最近克隆諸如盤羊和印度野牛等瀕危哺乳動物的嘗試均未產生可存活的後代。現在,一個歐洲研究團隊取得了成功。根據《自然生物技術》雜誌10月刊的一份報告,用於複製多利的相同技術——體細胞核移植——已經產生了一隻看起來健康的摩弗倫羊羔,摩弗倫羊是撒丁島、科西嘉島和塞普勒斯發現的一種瀕危綿羊。

義大利泰拉莫大學的帕斯誇利諾·洛伊和他的同事從兩隻死在撒丁島牧場上的雌性摩弗倫羊的卵巢中提取了所謂的體細胞顆粒細胞,並將它們的細胞核注射到已經去除細胞核的家養綿羊卵細胞中。然後,將由此產生的胚胎以外科手術的方式植入四隻家養母羊體內,其中一隻在155天后產下了一隻克隆的摩弗倫羊寶寶。在研究人員提交報告的25天大時,這隻小摩弗倫羊看起來很正常。

該團隊寫道:“儘管核供體細胞是從死去的動物身上提取的,被認為不具有生存能力,但它們仍然能夠產生正常的胚胎和後代。我們的發現支援將克隆技術用於擴大極度瀕危的種群,無論是在協調一致的保護計劃中,還是在涉及突然死亡的極端情況下。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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