尼古丁副產品“烹飪”身體蛋白質

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在可能給吸菸者又一個戒菸理由的新聞中,研究人員發現,一種名為去甲菸鹼的尼古丁副產品以潛在有害的方式改變身體的蛋白質。《美國國家科學院院刊》昨天線上發表的他們的研究結果表明,這種化學物質可能導致衰老和多種疾病的發生。

具體來說,位於加利福尼亞州拉霍亞的斯克裡普斯研究所的Tobin J. Dickerson和Kim D. Janda報告稱,去甲菸鹼似乎透過化學“烹飪”好的蛋白質來鼓勵它們變壞。然後,修飾後的蛋白質與體內其他化學物質相互作用,並可能形成稱為晚期糖基化終產物(AGEs)的有害化合物。“這些晚期糖基化終產物不應該自然[存在於你的身體中],”Dickerson解釋說。“你的身體沒有為它們做好準備。”事實上,之前的研究表明,AGEs與多種疾病有關,包括糖尿病、癌症和阿爾茨海默病。

重要的是,該團隊發現,吸菸者血液中去甲菸鹼修飾的蛋白質和AGEs的含量高於非吸菸者。研究人員還發現,去甲菸鹼與常用的處方類固醇可的松和潑尼鬆發生反應,暗示它可能會損害藥物的安全性和有效性。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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