助產士協助阿米巴分娩

加入我們的科學愛好者社群!

人類並非唯一在分娩時需要幫助的生物。根據今天發表在《自然》雜誌上的一份報告,當情況變得困難時,阿米巴有時會尋求“助產士”的幫助。這項發現揭示了這些單細胞生物比其他真核細胞繁殖得更快的原因。

阿米巴繁殖是一種無性事件,其中生物體會將其遺傳物質複製一倍,產生兩個細胞核,然後開始分裂成兩個細胞。人類母親的體圍會一直增加到分娩,而阿米巴母親會在中間收縮,形成狹窄的腰部。但在至少一種阿米巴中,當涉及到切斷連線“母親”和“女兒”的束縛時,這個過程會停滯不前,兩個細胞會掙扎著分離。此前,科學家們只設想了在這個關鍵階段的兩種結果。要麼母細胞和子細胞成功地將束縛拉伸到斷裂點,要麼它們在拉鋸戰中放棄並恢復為具有兩個細胞核的單細胞。

魏茨曼研究所的科學家進行的新研究現在揭示了另一種可能性。該團隊發現在許多情況下,第三個阿米巴前來救援,將自身楔入母細胞和子細胞之間,並對連線處施加壓力,直到其斷裂。在進一步調查中,他們發現,實際上,連線在一起的阿米巴會發出化學求救訊號,助產士會對該訊號做出反應。


關於支援科學新聞報道

如果您喜歡這篇文章,請考慮透過以下方式支援我們屢獲殊榮的新聞報道: 訂閱。透過購買訂閱,您正在幫助確保有影響力的故事的未來,這些故事關於塑造我們今天世界的發現和想法。


該團隊計劃在未來研究這種化學引誘劑的確切成分,以及其釋放和接收機制。更好地瞭解阿米巴繁殖有一天可能有助於科學家控制痢疾和其他阿米巴傳播的疾病。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

More by Kate Wong
© .