轉基因脊髓灰質炎病毒在小鼠體內對抗腦腫瘤

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研究人員表示,一種改良版的脊髓灰質炎病毒在治療腦腫瘤方面顯示出巨大的希望。根據今天在佛羅里達州奧蘭多舉行的美國微生物學會會議上公佈的發現,一種攜帶普通感冒病毒片段的脊髓灰質炎病毒消除了小鼠大腦中的腫瘤。

杜克大學的馬蒂亞斯·格羅邁爾和他的同事在發現脊髓灰質炎病毒結合的分子 CD155 在惡性神經膠質瘤(最常見的腦腫瘤型別)中表達後,開始研究這種新療法。他們推斷 CD155 會自然地靶向腫瘤。但由於脊髓灰質炎病毒可能導致人類疾病,該團隊首先透過將鼻病毒 DNA 片段插入脊髓灰質炎病毒中對其進行了改造。“混合的脊髓灰質炎/鼻病毒構建體具有非常令人驚訝的特性,”格羅邁爾報告說。“它失去了在人類中引起脊髓灰質炎的能力,但保留了對惡性神經膠質瘤細胞的極好殺傷潛力。”

然後,該團隊對攜帶植入性腦腫瘤的小鼠施用單劑量治療。幾天之內,小鼠完全康復,對其大腦的病理分析顯示腫瘤已被消除。這種療法是否對人類有效還有待觀察。但跡象可能很快就會出現:研究人員指出,重組病毒的原型目前正在為無法治癒的腦腫瘤患者的臨床試驗做準備。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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