熒光羽毛引發鸚鵡愛慕

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熒光色在時尚T臺上來了又去,但鸚鵡始終認為發光是必備品。事實上,發表在最新一期《科學》雜誌上的一項新研究結果表明,這些鳥類在選擇配偶時會尋找羽毛熒光。

熒光顏料看起來會發光,是因為它們吸收紫外線並在更長的波長上重新發射。這種顏料裝飾著虎皮鸚鵡(俗稱 budgies)的頭冠和臉頰羽毛。(在右側的影像中,短波照明揭示了虎皮鸚鵡的熒游標記。)但熒光是具有特定用途,還是僅僅是鳥類鮮豔色彩的副產品,這仍然有點神秘。為了回答這個問題,格拉斯哥大學的 Kathryn E. Arnold 和她的同事設計了一個巧妙的實驗。他們讓雌雄虎皮鸚鵡在兩隻異性鳥類中做出選擇,其中一隻保留了熒光羽毛,另一隻的熒光則被防曬霜熄滅。研究人員發現,雄性和雌性都對熒光鳥表現出強烈的性偏好。


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該團隊還考慮了鳥類的視覺器官,並確定熒光黃色羽毛非常適合另一隻渴望愛情的虎皮鸚鵡進行顏色檢測。研究人員總結說:“這些發現表明,鸚鵡的熒光羽毛是一種適應性性訊號,而不是羽毛色素沉著的副產品。” “鑑於產生熒光顏料的複雜生化途徑,它們可能是昂貴的,因此是個體質量的誠實指標。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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