酶的缺失對抗脂肪

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研究人員已經確定了一種酶,它可能掌握著減少肥胖的關鍵。他們發現,經過基因改造使其缺乏乙醯輔酶A羧化酶2 (ACC2) 的小鼠,比正常小鼠多吃 40% 的食物,體重仍然減輕 10% 到 15%。這些發現今天發表在《科學》雜誌上。

貝勒醫學院的薩利赫·瓦基爾和他的同事於 1989 年首次鑑定了這種酶。然而,他們的新研究表明,它在將脂肪酸運輸到細胞的能量產生細胞器或線粒體中發揮作用。研究小組使用所謂的“基因敲除小鼠”,發現缺乏這種酶的動物能夠很好地適應它們的情況。瓦基爾指出:“經過基因工程改造使其缺乏 ACC2 的小鼠似乎非常快樂,[而且] 生活和繁殖良好。” 似乎主要的區別在於,與正常動物相比,它們的體重更輕,脂肪積累也更少。

瓦基爾評論說:“這種酶 ACC2 可能是開發能夠調節脂肪燃燒的藥物的靶點。它可能在調節肥胖症、治療糖尿病,甚至最終在脂肪的利用和積累方面發揮重要作用,這可能會影響動脈粥樣硬化等疾病。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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