早期人類掌握木工技術

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圖片來源:MANUEL DOMINGUEZ-RODRIGO,地球觀察研究所

考古學家發現了迄今為止最早的木工技術證據。根據發表在《人類進化雜誌》四月刊上的一份報告,屬於直立人的150萬年前的石器工具帶有明顯的金合歡木痕跡。這項新發現比已知最古老的木製工具早大約一百萬年。

馬德里康普頓斯大學的曼努埃爾·多明格斯-羅德里戈()及其同事在坦尚尼亞一個名為佩寧吉的遺址中挖掘出了古老的手斧,這些手斧是按照所謂的阿舍利文化傳統制造的。隨後對附著在工具上的基質進行的微觀分析顯示,木材殘留物與已知的金合歡木殘留物無法區分。此外,這些工具表現出磨損痕跡,表明它們曾被用於重型活動,例如硬木加工。


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“這項研究的重要性在於,它表明人類在其進化的早期階段,就已經生產了未能在考古記錄中儲存下來的木製工具,”研究人員在報告中寫道。儘管有人認為,如此早期的人科動物缺乏必要的狩獵技術,但這項新研究開啟了他們可能正在製造木製長矛的可能性。“這可能增強了他們作為獵人在開放環境中生存的能力,”該團隊指出,“並讓我們進一步瞭解當時人科動物的複雜智力。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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