熊如何小睡

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對於大多數人來說,保持身材意味著定期鍛鍊。 從健身房度假,你辛苦練出的六塊腹肌就會變軟。 但想象一下,如果你可以睡五個月,醒來後仍然身體健康。 根據昨天在《自然》雜誌上描述的研究,事實上,這正是熊從冬眠中醒來的方式。

懷俄明大學的亨利·J·哈洛和他的同事發現,冬眠的黑熊在為期 130 天的冬眠期間,力量損失不到 23%。 相比之下,如果人類長期處於靜止狀態,則會經歷 90% 的力量損失。 令人難以置信的是,當研究小組在冬初和冬末對洞穴中的熊進行肌肉活檢時,他們發現骨骼肌細胞的大小或數量都沒有減少,蛋白質含量或氧化能力也沒有喪失。

研究人員認為,熊可能是透過利用身體其他部位的蛋白質儲備和發抖來維持肌肉的。 該團隊寫道:“瞭解冬眠熊的這些過程,可能會為治療肌肉疾病以及長期臥床不起、失重和長途太空旅行對人類的影響提供新的見解。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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