化石燃料的醫療負擔

2011年9月圖解科學》的特別線上增刊

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燃燒化石燃料會釋放大量的二氧化碳,加劇氣候變化。雖然最近人們對它的關注較少,但燃燒還會排放大量的汙染物,這些汙染物可能導致多種疾病。美國各地最廣泛的影響如下所示。

——馬克·費斯凱蒂

由化石燃料發電廠的顆粒物汙染造成的美國醫療負擔

疾病

平均病例數

哮喘(住院人數)

3,020

肺炎(住院人數)

4,040

哮喘(急診室就診次數)

7,160

心血管疾病(住院人數)

9,720

慢性支氣管炎

18,600

過早死亡

30,100

急性支氣管炎

59,000

哮喘發作

603,000

下呼吸道疾病

630,000

上呼吸道疾病

679,000

工作日損失

513萬

輕度活動受限天數

2630萬


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» 在2011年9月刊的《大眾科學》中閱讀更多關於“能源的人力成本”的內容。

資料來源:《不採取行動應對空氣汙染的健康成本》,作者:帕斯卡·斯卡佩基,經濟合作與發展組織,環境工作論文,第2號。

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大眾科學 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大眾科學 Mind and 大眾科學 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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