如何在 2050 年將全球糧食產量翻一番減少環境破壞

可以採取以下五個步驟(如下面的地圖所示)來幫助養活預計到 2050 年龐大的人口,並減少農業造成的巨大危害

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為了養活世界日益增長且更加富裕的人口,到 2050 年,全球農業必須將其糧食產量翻一番。然而,更多的耕作通常意味著更多的環境危害,這是由於清理土地、燃燒化石燃料、消耗水進行灌溉和散佈化肥造成的。農業對地球造成的負擔已經比幾乎任何其他人類活動都大,因此簡單地將目前的做法翻一番將毀壞大片土地,並汙染河流和海洋。

明尼蘇達大學的喬恩·福利領導的一個國際研究小組得出結論,農業運作方式和我們飲食方式的五個基本變化可以使糧食產量翻一番,同時減少整體環境影響。這些步驟如下:提高作物產量、減少肉類消費、減少食物浪費、停止向雨林擴張以及更有效地利用化肥和水。這些變化反映在一系列地圖中。有關詳細解釋,請參閱“我們能否養活世界維持地球的運轉?”。

Mark Fischetti has been a senior editor at 大眾科學 for 17 years and has covered sustainability issues, including climate, weather, environment, energy, food, water, biodiversity, population, and more. He assigns and edits feature articles, commentaries and news by journalists and scientists and also writes in those formats. He edits History, the magazine's department looking at science advances throughout time. He was founding managing editor of two spinoff magazines: 大眾科學 Mind and 大眾科學 Earth 3.0. His 2001 freelance article for the magazine, "Drowning New Orleans," predicted the widespread disaster that a storm like Hurricane Katrina would impose on the city. His video What Happens to Your Body after You Die?, has more than 12 million views on YouTube. Fischetti has written freelance articles for the New York Times, Sports Illustrated, Smithsonian, Technology Review, Fast Company, and many others. He co-authored the book Weaving the Web with Tim Berners-Lee, inventor of the World Wide Web, which tells the real story of how the Web was created. He also co-authored The New Killer Diseases with microbiologist Elinor Levy. Fischetti is a former managing editor of IEEE Spectrum Magazine and of Family Business Magazine. He has a physics degree and has twice served as the Attaway Fellow in Civic Culture at Centenary College of Louisiana, which awarded him an honorary doctorate. In 2021 he received the American Geophysical Union's Robert C. Cowen Award for Sustained Achievement in Science Journalism, which celebrates a career of outstanding reporting on the Earth and space sciences. He has appeared on NBC's Meet the Press, CNN, the History Channel, NPR News and many news radio stations. Follow Fischetti on X (formerly Twitter) @markfischetti

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