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根據一項新的研究,除了保持身體健康外,鍛鍊可能還可以保護您的大腦。發表在最新一期期刊Genes and Development上的研究表明,跑步可以促進患有神經退行性疾病的動物的腦細胞存活。先前的研究表明,跑步可以促進正常小鼠的腦細胞生長。然而,在新的研究中,科學家們研究了患有類似於共濟失調毛細血管擴張症 (A-T) 的小鼠,這種疾病在人類中會導致運動控制喪失,通常使患者臥床不起。(雖然罕見,但 A-T 與阿爾茨海默病等疾病具有共同的特性。)他們發現,跑步的 A-T 小鼠比不跑步的同類表現出更高的細胞存活率。“在久坐不動的 A-T 小鼠中,似乎大多數新生的腦細胞都會死亡,”團隊成員卡羅琳·巴洛指出。“我們並不完全理解這一點,但這可能與無法應對氧化應激有關。跑步似乎“拯救”了許多原本會死亡的細胞,”她繼續說道。“這表明保持活躍可能有助於延緩神經退行性疾病的進展。”

研究人員希望進一步的調查將揭示鍛鍊究竟如何幫助腦細胞存活。“它一定是改變了大腦化學物質——或許改變了特定激素或生長因子的水平,”巴洛沉思道。“如果我們能夠確定導致跑步效果的特定分子,這些分子應該會指出治療 A-T 和其他神經退行性疾病的新藥物策略。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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