廉價新型塑膠的偶然發現

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根據本週在聖地亞哥舉行的美國化學學會會議上報告的研究結果,科學家們已經生產出一種新型橡膠塑膠,類似於粘合劑和鞋底中使用的橡膠。 這種新型材料由兩種常見的石油產品製成,其生產成本有望大大低於同類聚合物。

康奈爾大學的傑弗裡·科茨和他的同事們完全是偶然地做出了這一發現,他們偶然發現了一種催化劑,這種催化劑能夠利用廉價的石油產品乙烯和聚乙烯形成聚合物。 類似的聚合物是由相對昂貴的化學品苯乙烯和丁二烯透過所謂的“活性聚合過程”製成的,在該過程中,硬單體嵌段和軟單體嵌段串在一起以產生彈性材料。 研究人員長期以來一直認為,對於這些更便宜的石油產品來說,這樣的聚合過程應該是可能的,但合適的催化劑一直未能找到。 科茨團隊鑑定出這種新型的鈦基催化劑,現在為這一 खोज畫上了句號。

至於為什麼科學家沒有更早地發現這一點,科茨評論說:“沒有辦法理性地預測化合物的作用。 我們只是偶然發現了它,幸運的是我們睜大了眼睛。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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