智慧假肢

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來源:由桑迪亞國家實驗室提供

每年有數萬美國人因車禍、糖尿病和其他原因失去肢體。 然而,儘管假肢自三十年前出現以來已經取得了長足的進步,但今天的假肢(右圖)在功能和舒適性方面仍有很大的改進空間。 為了實現這一目標,來自桑迪亞國家實驗室、俄羅斯核武器實驗室切лябинск-70 和西雅圖骨科集團的研究人員正在合作開發“智慧”腿——一種假肢裝置,它希望藉助數字控制系統來解決這些問題。

為了模擬真腿在上坡、下坡或不平坦地形上行走時的動作,科學家們計劃在假肢中安裝一個微處理器控制模組,該模組將響應來自沿著腳和腿部放置的感測器的訊號。 桑迪亞的戴夫·科茲洛夫斯基表示,這“將實現更正常和高效的步態”。 與構成大多數假肢基礎並需要截肢者消耗大量能量的所謂被動技術不同,智慧腿應該能夠實現適當的肢體運動,從而避免耗盡穿戴者的能量。 該團隊還旨在建立一個套筒,該套筒將自動調整以適應殘肢在一天過程中的腫脹,從而避免因摩擦假肢而可能產生的壓瘡。 未來的挑戰之一將是開發適合截肢者的行動式能源。 但如果一切按計劃進行,智慧腿應該會在兩年內上市。

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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