鄰近棲息地交換資源

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生態學家長期以來觀察到鄰近棲息地之間的資源轉移。但他們認為這種交易在很大程度上是不對稱的,資源從生產力較高的棲息地流向生產力較低的棲息地。例如,在相鄰的森林和溪流棲息地的情況下,人們認為森林在需要時維持溪流。但是,昨天發表在《美國國家科學院院刊》上的一項新研究表明,這種關係比以前認為的要互惠得多。京都大學生態學家中野繁(Shigeru Nakano,去年春天去世)和北海道大學的村上正志(Masashi Murakami)進行的為期兩年的研究結果表明,森林在夏季為溪流提供食物,而溪流在春季和秋季為森林提供食物。具體而言,當夏季水生食物供應處於最低水平時,溪流中的魚類捕食森林無脊椎動物。然而,在春季和秋季,當樹葉稀疏時,森林鳥類必須轉向水生無脊椎動物覓食。“作者總結說,“棲息地之間互惠資源補貼的重要性表明,一個棲息地的喪失或退化可能對鄰近群落產生比我們以前認識到的更不利的影響。”

Kate Wong is an award-winning science writer and senior editor at 大眾科學 focused on evolution, ecology, anthropology, archaeology, paleontology and animal behavior. She is fascinated by human origins, which she has covered for more than 25 years. Recently she has become obsessed with birds. Her reporting has taken her to caves in France and Croatia that Neandertals once called home, to the shores of Kenya's Lake Turkana in search of the oldest stone tools in the world, to Madagascar on an expedition to unearth ancient mammals and dinosaurs, to the icy waters of Antarctica, where humpback whales feast on krill, and on a "Big Day" race around the state of Connecticut to find as many bird species as possible in 24 hours. Kate is co-author, with Donald Johanson, of Lucy's Legacy: The Quest for Human Origins. She holds a bachelor of science degree in biological anthropology and zoology from the University of Michigan. Follow Wong on X (formerly Twitter) @katewong

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